Law Problems

br Question 1 piece 2 of the European Communities Act 1972 makes supply for supremacy of European Community police force over the unify acres as a grammatical constituent State . Section 2 provides that `all much(prenominal) rights powers liabilities obligations and restrictions . created by or arising on a lower floor the Treaties . shall be recognised and available in law , and shall be compel allowed and followed accordingly European Communities Act 1972 Section 2 . accordingly obligate 141 (formerly article 119 ) of the EC agreement has channelize belief in Miss Conway s caseIn Costa v ENEL , the European motor inn of Justice clearly retained that particle States had effectively `limited their sovereignty by indorsing the EC unison .Costa v ENEL [1964] ECR 585 Moreover in Amministazjone delle Financze v Simm enthal the European approach of Justice also ruled that the matter courts had a cheat to ensure that the EC laws were applied uniformly and to accomplish this respect , it would in some cases require having to disregard conflicting interior(a) law whether those law were current or future .Amministazione delle Financze v Simmenthal [1978] ECR 629In the context of oblige 141 of the EC accord and the supremacy of European Community Law as contained in Section 2 of the European Communities Act 1972 , Miss Conway has a right to range her case determined by direct application of Article 141 . Article 141 provides for equal profits in respect of some(prenominal) masculine and female employees on the following basis :` (a ) that soften for the alike(p) work at piece rates shall be calculated on the basis of the kindred unit of quantity (b ) that pay for work at time rates shall be the same for the same job EC accord Article 141 (1 ) and (2Lord Schiemann make it clear in Preston v Wolverhampton NHS Trust that Tr! ibunals cast jurisdiction over outcrys which are subject to the direct effect of EC law .

He said that `Article 119 of the EC Treaty has horizontal direct effect that is it may be relied upon by claimants in domestic courts and tribunals . Preston v Wolverhampton NHS Trust [1997] ICR 899 at908 ground on this ruling Miss Conway may pursue her claim onwards the Employment tribunal in the United Kingdom and bum also rely on the provisions fix in Article 141 of the EC TreatyWhen directives are issued the European marriage ceremony directs that the Member States implement the directive within a positive period . Article 249 (formerly Article 189 ) of the Treaty of Rome 1957 provides for directives to be binding on `each state to which it is addressed Treaty of Rome 1957 Article 249 In Becker v Finanzamt Muenster-Innenstadt the court hold that particularly in cases in which the Community authorities have , by means of a directive , placed Member States under-a body politic to adopt a certain course of action , the potence of such a measure would be diminished if persons were prevented from relying upon it in proceeding before a court and national courts were prevented from taking it into esteem as...If you want to get a full essay, outrank it on our website: BestEssayCheap.com

If you want to get a full essay, visit our page: cheap essay