Management and Organisational Behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Management and Organisational Behaviour - Essay Example These require organizational redesign which is meant to improve organizational effectiveness and the ability to adapt to a constantly changing environment (Douglas, 1999). Two different approaches explain work motivation – the content theories and the process theories (Analoui, 2000). The content theories explain what actually motivates people to work. As per Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs the basic physiological needs have to satisfied only after which an individual clamours for other needs such as safety needs, need for love, self-esteem or self-actualization. According to Herzberg an employee’s motivation to work is understood when the employee’s attitude to work is understood (Tietjen & Myers, 1998). The attitude of employees depends on two sets of factors – those that generate happy feelings within the worker and hence were task-related and those that give rise to unhappiness but are not task-related. These are directly related to the job but to the conditions surrounding the job. The first sets of factors that give happiness are called motivators which include recognition, achievement, career progression, responsi bility and work itself. Motivation is intrinsic and comes from within. Intrinsic motivation has also been referred to in the self-determination theory (SDT), as the tendency to seek out challenges and novelty. Ryan and Deci (2000) contend that â€Å"motivation produces†. Intrinsic motivation requires autonomy because controlled approaches can stifle innovation. These are the esteem needs as specified by Maslow. An employee derives feelings of self-worth, accomplishment and pleasure as the use of his skills provide him with intrinsic rewards (Gallagher & Einhorn, 1976). As one need is satisfied, he strives for the satisfaction of other needs and this motivates or influences his behaviour. Motivators create positive attitude towards job and satisfies the employees need for self-actualization which is